Example 1:
Invasive species, such as rats, are one or the lead causes of extinction in birds in the Pacific Islands. We show for the first time how even in interior forest where birds are thought to be safe from rats they are being eaten.

Example 2:
As life expectancy declines, people are more willing to engage in risky behaviour, such as fighting in the civil war. We test this theory using a tragic natural experiment: The HIV/AIDS epidemic in sub-Saharan Africa. It finds that decreases in life expectancy caused by the disease increase the probability of civil war.

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